Marathon Running | Distance Running | Marathon History
since when humans ran as an achievement or for fitness. Since humans have actually been able to walk and run, but not listed as a sporting achievement to find out the fastest and strongest.
Marathon's name comes from the legend of Pheidippides, a Greek messenger. Legend has it that he sent from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated at the Battle of Marathon (where he had just fought), which occurred in August or September, 490 BC.
It is said that he ran the entire distance without stopping and burst into the trial, called "Νενικήκαμεν" (Nenikékamen, 'We've won. ") Before collapsing and dying. Legend that says the runner from Marathon to Athens first appears in Plutarch On the Glory of Athens in 1st century AD who quotes from Heraclides Ponticus jobs lost, giving the runner's name as one of Erchius or Eucles Thersipus. Lucian of Samosata (2nd century AD) also gives the story but names the runner Philippides (not Pheidippides).
There is debate about the historical accuracy of this legend of the Greek historian Herodotus, the main source for the Greco-Persian War. Mentions Pheidippides as the messenger who ran from Athens to Sparta to ask for help, and then running back, a distance of more than 240 kilometers (150 miles) each way.
In some Herodotus manuscripts the name of the runner between Athens and Sparta is given as Philippides. Herodotus does not mention a messenger sent from Marathon to Athens, and tell me that the main part of the Athenian army, having fought and won a grueling battle, and feared a naval attack by the Persian fleet against Athens maintained, walked quickly back from the battle to Athens, arriving on the same day.
In 1879, Robert Browning wrote the poem Pheidippides. Browning poem, his composite story, became part of the culture of late 19th-century popular and accepted as historical legends
Some Versions History of Marathon
Version I
Ancient legend says that when it's a Greek soldier ran from Marathon to PHEIDIPPIDES Athens to preach to the people that they had defeated the Persians at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC.
Pheidippiddes ran nonstop for 26 miles or 42.195km after proclaim his victory, then he too died of exhaustion. In remembrance of the event since 1896, the Games Olympic incorporate much of this race in each of their sporting events. This is to commemorate the victory of the war and to respect the messenger then held several periods of the race and the sport evolved into modern achievements and split into various branches of the run.
Version II
Marathon war going on when the army of Darius I 490SM with a large force to deal with the Athenian army far outnumbered. But the Athenian leader named Miltiades was able to develop lightning war strategy. Persian soldiers reportedly killed 6400 people while the loss on the part of the army troops only 192 Athenians.
Version III
Another version says that PHEIDIPPIDES actually sent to Sparta to ask for help with the run for two days for a distance of 240km. Unfortunately when he got there, the Spartans are not willing to provide military assistance to the Greek soldiers had to fight with the assistance of Platea.
Version IV
Sports marathon was first contested in the Olympics held in Athens won by Eucles and on the next race was won by Philippides. After experiencing a variety of events and times, this race turned into the Olympics and the next period dubbed the modern Olympics.
Development of Marathon Running
The sport has expanded into several branches that are shared within a certain mileage. In sports perkembangnya run is divided into short-distance sprint (sprint), the distance being run (middle distance), distance running (long distance). Pendekpun sprints subdivided into distance running 50m, 55m, 60m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 300m, 400m, 500m. In the medium range is divided into 800m, 1500m, 3000m. For long-distance running is divided into 500m, 10,000 m, half marathon, and marathon. Nowadays more and more rapid growth tends to be combined with other sports like hurdles, triathlon, pentathlon, heptathlon, decathlon.
While running as a fitness activity / physical maintenance of the body is recorded, whether from humans appeared on earth has been running events in his life or after a new offspring are no events to run. But logically it can be said that humans have a leg to activities of a small course was able to run around for fun or pursuing something.
From the results of running that then he felt the perceived benefits after activity then the next man nurture the activities run in his life. Human tendency to indulge while growing up also ran after the animal by using tools to hunt prey like a spear or a rock.
The more modern humans live in an era of fewer and fewer of walking and running. Eventually realizing that humans are still needed by the body to run the activities for maintaining kesehatanya. Thus be a tendency that people choose to run the sport in his life to be a habit or a hobby. Now, in the modern era of human desire is not only used as a hobby, but it turned into a club and a healthy lifestyle even to socialize.
Which means that not only sport a run for achievement are developed and combined with other sports, but running non-achievement sport (for fitness) also experiencing growth combined with other human activities. A time will appear to run sports clubs non achievement into a lifestyle trend as a club bike to work or body-building club.
Marathon in the World
Each year, more than 500 marathons held around the world are held mostly by the Association of International marathons and Distance Races (AIMS), which has grown since its foundation in 1982 to reach more than 300 members in 83 countries and territories. Five of the largest and most prestigious races, Boston, New York City, Chicago, London, and Berlin, form the biannual World Marathon Majors series, awarding $ 500,000 per year for men and women the best player overall in the series.
In 2006, the editors of Runner's World selected "World's Top 10 marathon", where in addition to the five events at the Amsterdam Marathon, Honolulu, Paris, Rotterdam, and Stockholm are displayed. Another important major marathon including the United States Marine Corps Marathon, Los Angeles, and Rome. The Boston Marathon is the world's oldest annual marathon, inspired by the success of the 1896 Olympic marathon and held since 1897. Europe's oldest annual marathon in the Košice Peace Marathon, held since 1924 in Košice, Slovakia.
One of the more unusual marathons is the Midnight Sun Marathon was held in Tromsø, Norway at 70 degrees north. Using the official program and a temporary, measured with GPS, distance marathon races are now held at the North Pole, in Antarctica and over desert terrain. Among other unusual marathons can be mentioned: The Great Wall Marathon of the Great Wall of China, The Big Five Marathon among the wildlife safari of South Africa, The Great Tibetan Marathon - a marathon in an atmosphere of Tibetan Buddhism at the height of 3,500 meters (11 500 ft), and The Polar circle marathon in the Greenland ice cap permanently in -15 degrees Celsius / Fahrenheit temperature 5 degrees.
Some of the marathon route is: Marathon Steamboat, Steamboat Springs, Colorado; Mayors Marathon, Anchorage, Alaska; Marathon Kona, Keauhou / Kona, Hawaii, San Francisco Marathon, San Francisco, Californi.
Intercontinental Istanbul Eurasia Marathon is a marathon only when the participants walked on two continents, Europe and Asia, during a single event. Historic Polytechnic Marathon was stopped in 1996.
Ultimate Handbook International Marathon (1997), written by Dennis Craythorn and Rich Hanna, Stockholm Marathon place as the best marathon in the world.
Bibliography
http://dyansuhari.multiply.com/reviews/item/3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathonhttp://lariblogsport.blogspot.com/2008/10/sejarah-lari.html
Baru! Klik kata di atas untuk mengedit dan melihat terjemahan alternatif
Categories:
sport
